![US7955605B2 - Multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate composition - Google Patents Multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate composition Download PDF Info Publication number ... as described in International Patent Application WO2004/083251 [38]), E. coli LT, E. coli ST, and exotoxin A from Pseudomonas …. Surest](/img/512x512/253936490182.webp)
Google Patents Advanced Search. Search and read the full text of patents from around the world with Google Patents, and find prior art in our index of non-patent literature.A vaccine is the best measure for the effective prevention and control of COVID-19. There are more than 292 COVID-19 candidates’ vaccines being developed as of July 2021 of which 184 are in human preclinical trials. A patent provides protection and a marketing monopoly to the inventor of an invention for a specified period.A method and system for placing an order to purchase an item via the Internet. The order is placed by a purchaser at a client system and received by a server system. The server system receives purchaser information including identification of the purchaser, payment information, and shipment information from the client system. The server system then …Google Patents organizes the world's inventions to make them universally accessible and useful. As part of this goal, Google has machine-annotated the worldwide …To cite a patent in APA Style, list the name of the inventor, the year it was issued (in parentheses), the title of the patent (in italics), the patent number, the name of the issuing body, and the URL if available. Our free APA Citation Generator can help you create accurate citations quickly and easily. Inventor name, Initials. ( Year ).We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.the RNA (e.g., mRNA) vaccineis a combination vaccine comprising a combination of any two or more of the foregoing vaccines. a methodfurther comprises administering to the subject a second (booster) dose of a RNA (e.g., mRNA) vaccine. Additional doses of a RNA (e.g., mRNA) vaccine may be administered.2005-08-01 FPAY Fee payment. Year of fee payment: 12. The invention provides improved methods for assaying samples for the presence of a beetle luciferase. The methods of the invention entail improved kinetics of light production from luciferase activity in beetle luciferase-luciferin reactions.Searching. About Google Patents. Searching. Next: Search results page. From the homepage, you can begin your search in a few ways: Enter a patent publication or … A method is provided for acquiring and transmitting biometric data (e.g., vital signs) of a user, where the data is analyzed to determine whether the user is suffering from a viral infection, such as COVID-19. The method includes using a pulse oximeter to acquire at least pulse and blood oxygen saturation percentage, which is transmitted ... Мы хотели бы показать здесь описание, но сайт, который вы просматриваете, этого не позволяет.Jun 5, 2007 · Similar Documents. Publication Publication Date Title. USD590153S1 2009-04-14 Shoe storage box. USD549454S1 2007-08-28 Storage box. USD600940S1 2009-09-29 Disc container cover. USD529622S1 2006-10-03 Cryogenic storage box. USD598197S1 2009-08-18 Lid for a storage box. USD544762S1 2007-06-19 Food storage container. USD604157S1 2009-11-17 Container. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2014-05-28 Filing date 2015-05-27 Publication date 2016-07-19 2014-10-02 Priority claimed from US14/505,478 external-priority patent/US9537811B2/en 2015-05-27 Priority to US14/723,400 priority Critical patent/US9396354B1/en2005-08-30. Method and apparatus for personalized conference and hands-free telephony using audio beaming. US11082763B2 ( en ) 2021-08-03. Handheld acoustic hailing and disruption systems and methods. US20170148466A1 ( en ) 2017-05-25. Method and system for reducing background sounds in a noisy environment.Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2010-04-30 Filing date 2017-03 ... of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/650,866, filed May 23, 2012 and 61/490,952 filed May 27, 2011. U.S. patent application Nos. Ser. No. 15/002,225 filed Jan. 20, 2016 and Ser. No. 15/ ...The smart glass 100 includes a first camera 110, a second camera 120, a glass 130, a controller 140, a microphone 150, an audio output device 160, a touch sensor 170, a memory 180, and a wireless communication device 190. [0027] The components included in the smart glass 100 are described below. Such a system and/or method could be used by an individual (e.g., athlete, etc.) or their trainer, coach, etc., to visualize the individual during the performance of an athletic event (e.g., jogging, biking, weightlifting, playing soccer, etc.) in real-time (live) or afterwards, together with the individual's concurrently measured biometric data (e.g., heart rate, etc.), and/or concurrently ... A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, ... Google and other technology companies founded the LOT Network in 2014 to combat patent assertion entities by cross-licensing patents, ...Aug 30, 2016 · Today, we're announcing the addition of 11 more countries to Google Patents with over 41 million new patent publications, bringing the total to over 87 million publications from 17 patent offices around the world. Starting today, you can now search for patents and applications from Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Belgium ... WW/LGOOGO fhweutoz we umloxu. umcmm wm co: AAAAAA v, UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. NIKOLA TESLA, OF NEIV YORK, N. Y. ELECTRIC G EN ERATO R. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 511,916, dated January 2, 1894. Application filed August 19,1893.Description. Therapeutic Uses of Tirzepatide. The present invention relates to the field of medicine. Provided are methods relating to treating, preventing, or delaying disorders relating to cognition, such as cognitive decline, cognitive impairment or dementia. Provided are methods relating to treating, preventing, or delaying heart failure.This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 61/975,601 , filed April 4, 2014, entitled "Systems and Methods for Injectable Devices," incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. GOVERNMENT FUNDING. This invention was made with government support under Grant No.Devices, systems, and methods enabling parties with little trust or no trust in each other to enter into and enforce value transfer agreements conditioned on input from or participation of a third party, over arbitrary distances, without special technical knowledge of the underlying transfer mechanism(s), optionally affording participation of third-party …Publication Publication Date Title. CN105069156A 2015-11-18 Patent searching system. CN105138661B 2018-10-30 A kind of network security daily record k-means cluster analysis systems and method based on Hadoop. DE602005007722D1 2008-08-07 MULTIPLE ACCESS POINTS.Jun 4, 2021 · Formula to generate search URLs. This file: Google spreadsheet 10. Filter search results. Lastly, on the search result page, you can apply different filters on the “Patent Office”, the ... What is Google Patents. Google Patents is Google's own patent search tool. It draws on patents from more than 100 of the biggest patent offices from around the world, enabling you to search across more than 120 million documents. As such it rivals the EPO's Espacenet for coverage. Full-text patent documents are indexed from 20 of the …The invention describes improved methods and compositions for producing a recombinant protein, e.g., an antibody, in mammalian cell culture. In addition, the invention provides improved cell culture media, including improved production media, feed solutions, and combination feeds, which may be used to improve protein productivity in mammalian cell …US4877027A - Hearing system - Google Patents Hearing system Download PDF Info Publication number US4877027A ... (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.) Expired - Lifetime Application number US07/202,679Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2010-04-30 Filing date 2017-03 ... of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/650,866, filed May 23, 2012 and 61/490,952 filed May 27, 2011. U.S. patent application Nos. Ser. No. 15/002,225 filed Jan. 20, 2016 and Ser. No. 15/ ...A method is provided for identifying and displaying video data of a user, either alone or together (in synchronization) with other data, such as biometric data acquired during a time that the video data was captured/received. The method includes storing biometric data separately from the video data, allowing the biometric data to be search quickly to …Cannabinoids have been found to have antioxidant properties, unrelated to NMDA receptor antagonism. This new found property makes cannabinoids useful in the treatment and prophylaxis of wide variety of oxidation associated diseases, such as ischemic, age-related, inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The cannabinoids are found to have particular …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Search and read the full text of patents from around the world with Google Patents, and find prior art in our index of non-patent literature.Step #2 Understand The Context Of The Patent. A patent is like an elephant. An elephant has a trunk, big ears, a little tail and legs thick as trees. Similarly, a patent is made up of multiple ...For questions, technical issues or troubleshooting, please contact the Patent Electronic Business Center at [email protected] or 866-217-9197. Monday - Friday, 6 a.m. - 12 a.m. ET. share Share this page print Print this page. Additional information about this page. Filing and application management incorporated within a single user interface for ...Explore the role patents play in promoting carbon capture and storage innovations for a sustainable future. Searching for patents; Helpful resources; Patent Knowledge News; Patent knowledge. Patent Knowledge News. Espacenet. Clean energy. Image. PDF document. 08.04.2024. News. Patent Knowledge Snippets.We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.A messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) comprising an open reading frame (ORF) that encodes at least two domains of a SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, and less than the full length spike protein. 2. The mRNA of claim 1, wherein one of the two domains is an N-terminal domain (NTD) of a SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. 3.The present disclosure relates to the field of vaccines and binding molecules, as well as preparations and methods of their use in the treatment and/or prevention of disease. Described are vaccines and binding molecules, compositions containing the same, and uses thereof for treating or preventing coronavirus infections, in particular, β … Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2020-08-11 Filing date 2020-11-30 Publication date 2021-08-31 2020-08-11 Priority claimed from IL276665A external-priority patent/IL276665A/en 2020-08-11 Priority claimed from IL276648A external-priority patent/IL276648A/en A slide-stopacuated by the magazine-follower to arrest the breech-slide in the open position when the magazine is empty,'has beenheretofore described and shown in the United States Patent- No. 708794, granted to me September 9, 1902, but the construction of the slide-stop as an integral part of the handle of the pivot-pin securing "the barrel and the breech …Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2010-04-30 Filing date 2017-03 ... of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/650,866, filed May 23, 2012 and 61/490,952 filed May 27, 2011. U.S. patent application Nos. Ser. No. 15/002,225 filed Jan. 20, 2016 and Ser. No. 15/ ...Мы хотели бы показать здесь описание, но сайт, который вы просматриваете, этого не позволяет.UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. NIKOLA TESLA, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOB O F ONE-HALF TO CHARLES F. PECK, OF ENGLEWOOD, NEW JERSEY. ELECTRO-MAGN-ETIC MOTOR. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 381.968, dated May-1, 1888. Application filed October 12. 1857. Publication Publication Date Title. US3951134A 1976-04-20 Apparatus and method for remotely monitoring and altering brain waves. US5458123A 1995-10-17 System for monitoring patient location and data. US3603881A 1971-09-07 Frequency shift telemetry system with both radio and wire transmission paths. The PATENTSCOPE database provides access to: published International PCT applications in full-text on the day of publication. patent documents from participating national and regional offices. non-patent literature. For your patent searches, you can use a variety of search criterias such as keywords, IPC, chemical compounds, numbers and …US2082748A 1937-06-01 Combined socket and slotted screw. US3108623A 1963-10-29 Tools for recessed head fasteners. US2046840A 1936-07-07 Screw driver. US2046839A 1936-07-07 Screw. US3237506A 1966-03-01 Recessed head fasteners. US2046343A 1936-07-07 Screw. US2066484A 1937-01-05 Screw. US1910182A 1933-05-23 Slotted socket …The present disclosure provides a DNA-targeting RNA that comprises a targeting sequence and, together with a modifying polypeptide, provides for site-specific modification of a target DNA and/or a polypeptide associated with the target DNA. The present disclosure further provides site-specific modifying polypeptides. The present disclosure further provides …US5025369A - Computer system - Google Patents Computer system Download PDF Info Publication number US5025369A ... 1988-08-25 Priority to US07/236,493 priority Critical patent/US5025369A/en 1988-08-25 Assigned to DAVID SCHWARTZ ENTERPRISES, INC., 73 EMMET AVE., EAST ROCKAWAY, NY A CORP.Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 1963-05-22 Filing date 1964-05-19 ... (U.S. Patent No. 2,936,266) have described the production of complex mixtures of alkaloids consisting of ergotoxine, ergotinine, ergotamine, ergotaminine, ergosine ergosinine, ergometrine ...This invention is a training system that enables a human being to acquire sufficient hyperspace energy in order to pull the body out of dimension so that the person can walk through solid objects such as wooden doors. A human being is a hyperspace energy being living in a physical container or body that is comprised of 67% water.Patents laws. Search for a patent. Apply for a patent. Forms and fees. HK IP Journal. Patents Examination Guidelines. Managing your patent. FAQs. Patent system since December 2019 and New initiatives. Did you know you can perform a patent search on Google? Check out this Google patent search tutorial! (FREE resources included below...) ⏬Registered USPTO pa... Apr 25, 2011 · Online patent tools. Locate online patent services and information. Patent Center. Single interface replacement for EFS-Web, Private PAIR and Public PAIR. Electronic Business Center; Check application status. Check patent application status with Patent Center. Fees and payment. Pay maintenance fees and learn more about filing fees and other ... Google's Patent Opportunity Submission Portal. Google will consider licensing offers for granted patents submitted through this portal. The invention belongs to the field of nano materials and biomedicine, and relates to a vaccine, in particular to development of 2019-nCoV coronavirus nuclear recombinant nano vaccine. The invention also comprises a preparation method of the vaccine and application of the vaccine in animal experiments. The new corona vaccine contains graphene oxide, …Apr 25, 2011 · Online patent tools. Locate online patent services and information. Patent Center. Single interface replacement for EFS-Web, Private PAIR and Public PAIR. Electronic Business Center; Check application status. Check patent application status with Patent Center. Fees and payment. Pay maintenance fees and learn more about filing fees and other ... A patent is a type of intellectual property that gives its owner the legal right to exclude others from making, using, ... Google and other technology companies founded the LOT Network in 2014 to combat patent assertion entities by cross-licensing patents, ... US20200054559A1. The present invention provides compositions and systems for delivery of nanocarriers to cells of the immune system. The invention provides vaccine nanocarriers capable of stimulating an immune response in T cells and/or in B cells, in some embodiments, comprising at least one immunomodulatory agent, and optionally comprising at ... We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.In (2) the IP Server will process the request and invoke the Patent Search Engine to search for the desired patents. In (3) the Patent Search engine will perform an enhanced search of the dataset comprising both the Basic Patent Text Database and the Enhanced Patent Metadata Database. There can be two operations: a.T NE 555 NITE- STATES ATENT' O FICE; SETH YVHEELER, OF ALBANY, NEYV YORK. WRAPPING OR `TOILET PAPER ROLL. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 459516, dated September 15, 1891, Application filed June 10. 1891.Oct 1, 2021 · A messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) comprising an open reading frame (ORF) that encodes at least two domains of a SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein, and less than the full length spike protein. 2. The mRNA of claim 1, wherein one of the two domains is an N-terminal domain (NTD) of a SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein. 3. A system and method causes a computer to detect and perform actions on structures identified in computer data. The system provides an analyzer server, an application program interface, a user interface and an action processor. The analyzer server receives from an application running concurrently data having recognizable structures, uses a pattern …Provided herein is a novel method of game play and game components that in one embodiment are in the form of trading cards (10, 12, 40, 42, 44, 48, 54, 60, 64). However, the game components may take other forms, such as a board game, or the game may be played in different media, such as electronic games, video games, computer games, and …The principle of operation of the silent subliminal presentation system is as follows: An audio signal in the upper frequency region of the audio spectrum (for example, 14,500 Hz) is modulated with the desired information. The type of modulation may be any type suitable for subliminal applications; frequency modulation (FM), phase modulation ...Aug 1, 2023 · Google Patents. Google Inc. operates the Google search engine and the platform that delivers targeted ads to its users. The company also offers the GMail e-mail service, the Chrome web browser, the Google Play digital content store, as well as the Android mobile operating system. A magnesium-counter ion composition provided herein may be useful for administration to a subject presenting magnesium deficiency, mild cognitive impairment, Alzheimer's disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ALS, Parkinson's disease, diabetes, migraine, anxiety disorder, mood disorder, and/or hypertension.A system for generating three-dimensional objects by creating a cross-sectional pattern of the object to be formed at a selected surface of a fluid medium capable of altering its physical state in response to appropriate synergistic stimulation by impinging radiation, particle bombardment or chemical reaction, successive adjacent laminae, representing …Search and read the full text of patents from around the world with Google Patents, and find prior art in our index of non-patent literature.Aug 30, 2016 · Today, we're announcing the addition of 11 more countries to Google Patents with over 41 million new patent publications, bringing the total to over 87 million publications from 17 patent offices around the world. Starting today, you can now search for patents and applications from Japan, South Korea, the United Kingdom, Spain, France, Belgium ... Publication Publication Date Title. US1773079A 1930-08-12 Method of preparing food products. US1810864A 1931-06-16 Process for the production of food product bricks. US2286644A 1942-06-16 Method and apparatus for processing potatoes. US1998431A 1935-04-23 Method and apparatus for freezing food products.UNrrn TATES PATENT OFFICE. ALEXANDER GLEASON, OF BUFFALO, NEIV YORK, ASSIGNOR TO THE BUF FALO ELEOTROTYPE AND ENGRAVING COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE. TIME-CHART. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 497,917, dated May 23, 1893. Application filed August 15, 1892.6. The composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the semaglutide has a purity of at least 99.2% and the composition contains less than 0.10% of each process-realated impurity. 7. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 6 for preparing a pharmaceutical composition. 8.Google Patents, a patent search engine created by Google, includes over 120 million patent publications from 100+ patent offices around the world, as well as many technical … Google Help. Search and read the full text of patents from around the world.Patents from around the world, translated Plus technical papers and books, organized and labeled automatically. The base plate, constituting the fundamental element of the brick, is generally designated by 1, the projections extending from one face of the base plate are hereinafter referred to as the primary projections 21, and the projections at the other face are referred to as the sec- 3,005,282 Patented Oct. 24, 1961 2 ondary projections 22.Apr 25, 2024 · This patent search tool allows you not only to search the PCT database of about 2 million International Applications but also the worldwide patent collections. This search facility features: flexible search syntax; automatic word stemming and relevance ranking; as well as graphical results. Wikipedia entry for Google Patents.Google Patents is a search engine from Google that indexes patents and patent applications from the United States Patent and Trademark Office. The invention discloses a patent searching system, which comprises an IPC (Information Processing Center) classification searching module, an applicant searching module, an application number searching module, a patent display module and a statistic analysis module, wherein all modules are connected through a network, share out the work and cooperate with each other; and a small-sized database ... Мы хотели бы показать здесь описание, но сайт, который вы просматриваете, этого не позволяет.Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.) 2010-04-30 Filing date 2017-03 ... of U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 61/650,866, filed May 23, 2012 and 61/490,952 filed May 27, 2011. U.S. patent application Nos. Ser. No. 15/002,225 filed Jan. 20, 2016 and Ser. No. 15/ ... Patents. We currently index full-text documents from the following patent offices: You can see the real-time number of documents that are included from each patent office by clicking on "around the world" on patents.google.com . These totals include all patents and published applications in our index, but we cannot guarantee complete coverage. 3-D diamond printing using a pre-ceramic polymer with a nanoparticle filler. JP2015171780A ( en ) *. 2014-03-12. 2015-10-01. セイコーエプソン株式会社. Method for manufacturing three-dimensional molded article, apparatus for manufacturing three-dimensional molded article, and three-dimensional molded article.US20200054559A1. The present invention provides compositions and systems for delivery of nanocarriers to cells of the immune system. The invention provides vaccine nanocarriers capable of stimulating an immune response in T cells and/or in B cells, in some embodiments, comprising at least one immunomodulatory agent, and optionally …
The invention describes improved methods and compositions for producing a recombinant protein, e.g., an antibody, in mammalian cell culture. In addition, the invention provides improved cell culture media, including improved production media, feed solutions, and combination feeds, which may be used to improve protein productivity in mammalian cell …. Colorado national forest map
A method and system for placing an order to purchase an item via the Internet. The order is placed by a purchaser at a client system and received by a server system. The server system receives purchaser information including identification of the purchaser, payment information, and shipment information from the client system. The server system then …We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us.Tips on searching Google patents, including operators, using classifications and more. Cooperative Patent Classification. Harmonized system used by USPTO and …38,268. 2022. 35,315. 1,173. 12,077. 13,699. 62,264. In 2022, China was granted more patents than every other country combined. While this suggests that the …Apr 11, 2024 · Patent Searching: Search Tips. The fastest and easiest to use free patent search sites are: The Lens (formerly Patent Lens) (see tutorial) - has 141 million patents from 95 countries. EspaceNet has 120 million patents from 100 countries. Both of these websites have powerful search and display capabilities, with classification searching and bulk ... The present disclosure provides a DNA-targeting RNA that comprises a targeting sequence and, together with a modifying polypeptide, provides for site-specific modification of a target DNA and/or a polypeptide associated with the target DNA. Apr 25, 2024 · This patent search tool allows you not only to search the PCT database of about 2 million International Applications but also the worldwide patent collections. This search facility features: flexible search syntax; automatic word stemming and relevance ranking; as well as graphical results. Using PATENTSCOPE you can search 116.1 million patent documents including 4.8 million published international patent applications (PCT). Detailed coverage …Google has long history of making patent data universally accessible and useful, starting more than 10 years ago by scanning old US patents into Google Patents. Today, Google is...Searching. About Google Patents. Searching. Next: Search results page. From the homepage, you can begin your search in a few ways: Enter a patent publication or …US7955605B2 - Multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate composition - Google Patents Multivalent pneumococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate composition Download PDF Info Publication number ... as described in International Patent Application WO2004/083251 [38]), E. coli LT, E. coli ST, and exotoxin A from Pseudomonas …The present invention describes a liquid injectable composition comprising acetaminophen, hydroxyethylstarch and at least one osmolality agent. Further, the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the prophylaxis and treatment of pain and fever containing said injectable composition. Additionally, the invention relates to a process for the …Apr 25, 2024 · This patent search tool allows you not only to search the PCT database of about 2 million International Applications but also the worldwide patent collections. This search facility features: flexible search syntax; automatic word stemming and relevance ranking; as well as graphical results. The patent does indicate Samsung could embed a navigation system, and include Wi-Fi and Bluetooth support. Let me translate what it means: Google and … The present disclosure provides a DNA-targeting RNA that comprises a targeting sequence and, together with a modifying polypeptide, provides for site-specific modification of a target DNA and/or a polypeptide associated with the target DNA. 2. An electronic cigarette, comprising: a housing; a mouthpiece on the housing; an LED at a first end of the housing; an air inlet for providing air into the housing; a battery and a sensor electrically connected to an electronic circuit board within the housing, with the sensor in a stream passage in the housing;US2082748A 1937-06-01 Combined socket and slotted screw. US3108623A 1963-10-29 Tools for recessed head fasteners. US2046840A 1936-07-07 Screw driver. US2046839A 1936-07-07 Screw. US3237506A 1966-03-01 Recessed head fasteners. US2046343A 1936-07-07 Screw. US2066484A 1937-01-05 Screw. US1910182A 1933-05-23 Slotted socket …Google has long history of making patent data universally accessible and useful, starting more than 10 years ago by scanning old US patents into Google Patents. Today, Google is...Step #2 Understand The Context Of The Patent. A patent is like an elephant. An elephant has a trunk, big ears, a little tail and legs thick as trees. Similarly, a patent is made up of multiple ...Google Patents. Search for granted patents and applications from USPTO and translated patents from multiple international bodies. See About link for an updated list of countries. Also related non-patent literature. Filters are applied post-search. Tips on searching Google patents, including operators, using classifications and more..